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Alterity · intimate enemies of democracy

Tzvetan Todorov

Three planes of the relation with the other — axiological, praxeological, epistemic — and the difference between sacrifice and massacre. Democracy’s enemies are intimate: they grow from its own values pushed beyond measure, ultraliberalism among them.

What it does in the chain

Gives the “who counts” coding layer: hierarchy, assimilation, recognition; exclusion versus a plurinational neutral point. Names the ideological pathology the thesis called dominant reasonableness.

Where it is used

Chapters and companion operations that rely on this operator are listed from the chapter map. Primary sources are cited in the book; this page does not replace them.

Interpretation  This reading is the author’s, and is marked as such.